Childhood tumor

Benign teratomas in intracranial germ cell tumors should only be surgically removed, but emphasis should be placed on the three-dimensional and multi-point sampling of pathological specimens to avoid misdiagnosis of malignant components; For other malignant NGGCTs, chemotherapy followed by radiation therapy is performed first. If the tumor does not disappear, surgical resection is performed. After surgery, 2 courses of chemotherapy are continued; Then, regular follow-up should be conducted, and if there is a recurrence, chemotherapy should be administered again. The main roles of surgery in the treatment of GE patients are biopsy diagnosis and ventriculoperitoneal shunt (V-P shunt). After the diagnosis of GE, the main treatment method is platinum based chemotherapy, and local low-dose radiotherapy is applied to the original tumor site after the tumor disappears. This not only avoids whole brain and spinal cord irradiation, but also reduces the sequelae caused by radiotherapy. Genital cell tumors in the pineal region are often accompanied by obstructive hydrocephalus. V-P shunt surgery should be performed first to alleviate the increased intracranial pressure, followed by chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Other genital cell tumors can be directly treated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy.