esophageal cancer
Common Diseases
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esophageal cancer diagnosis
For many patients with esophageal cancer, the first symptom is difficulty swallowing.
If you have symptoms that could signal esophageal cancer, your doctor will examine you and ask you about your health, your lifestyle, including smoking and drinking habits, and your family's medical history.
Because esophageal cancer often has no symptoms in its early stages, it may be detected during procedures or tests for other conditions.
Diagnostic examination of esophageal cancer
One or more of the following tests can be used to check for esophageal cancer and whether it has spread. These tests can also be used to determine if a treatment is working.
Blood test
Imaging tests, including:
X-ray
CT or CAT (computerized axial tomography) scan
Magnetic resonance imaging scan
Positron emission tomography
Barium swallow test: In this test, you will swallow a chalky liquid that contains barium before taking an X-ray. The barium will coat the inner wall of the esophagus and will be clearly visible on an X-ray. This way, the doctor can see any tissue changes.
Biopsy: A biopsy is to remove suspected cancer cells and examine them under a microscope. Esophageal cancer biopsies include:
Upper GI endoscopy: An endoscope, a tube with a high-definition camera and light, is inserted through the mouth into the esophagus. The doctor examines the esophagus and removes a small piece of tissue for the pathology department to examine.
Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) or endoscopic ultrasound: An endoscope with an ultrasound device is inserted through an opening in the body, usually the mouth. At the end of the tube, there's a light, a tiny camera and a device that emits ultrasound waves to create an image of the internal organs. This method can help doctors determine how deep the tumor has invaded the wall of the esophagus. It can also be used to check for cancer spread in nearby lymph nodes.
Bronchoscopy: Using a tool called a bronchoscope, the doctor looks at the trachea (trachea) and the tubes that go into the lungs. This test can be performed if esophageal cancer is suspected of invading the respiratory tract.
Laryngoscopy: The doctor uses a tool similar to an endoscope to examine the larynx (laryngoscope).
Ct-guided biopsy: During this procedure, the doctor will examine other organs, such as the lungs or liver, to see if the cancer has spread (metastasized). This can be used to determine staging.
