Carcinoma oculi
Common Diseases
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Carcinoma oculi diagnosis
Because diagnosis depends on the doctor's expertise, patients with suspected eye cancer should work with an ophthalmologist (a medical doctor who specializes in the eye) who is trained to diagnose cancers of the eye.
They may use the following tests and examinations to diagnose cancer or monitor its progress during treatment.
Eye examination
Your eye doctor may perform retinal dilation tests and ultrasound imaging to help diagnose tumors in the eyeball. For orbital, eyelid, and conjunctival tumors, you may receive a careful examination of the outside of the eye and eye movements.
Imaging examination
Imaging tests can help doctors determine the location, size and shape of suspected cancerous tissue. Imaging tests used to diagnose eye cancer include:
CT or CAT (Computerized Axial Tomography) scans: CT scans use an X-ray machine to take multiple photographs from different angles, providing very detailed images.
PET scan: A positron emission tomography, or PET scan, is performed in which small doses of radioactive sugar are injected into the patient's body. The scanner shows where the body distributes sugar, allowing an image to be created. This image can help radiologists find cancer cells in the body.
Magnetic resonance imaging (mri) scans: mri uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce images of the body's soft tissues and organs.
Optical coherence Tomography (OCT) : An imaging test used to look at tumors in more detail.
Ultrasound: Ultrasound has high-energy sound waves that bounce off internal tissues and organs, creating echo patterns. The image produced by the echo mode is called ultrasound and can be seen on an ultrasound machine.
biopsy
During a biopsy, a small tissue sample is taken and examined under a microscope for the presence of cancer cells. Depending on the location of the tumor, some biopsies can be performed on an outpatient basis and require only local anesthesia. Other times, patients must undergo surgery under general anesthesia to remove cancer cells. Biopsies are used to diagnose eye cancer in limited cases.
Blood test
Patients undergo blood tests to monitor the body's response to treatment.
Molecular diagnosis
Molecular diagnostics, which look for specific mutations in tumor cells, help doctors understand the risk of metastasis or develop treatment plans.
DNA and/or genetic testing
These can be used to determine whether a patient has inherited eye cancer.
