Head and neck tumors

1. Surgical treatment

Malignant parotid gland tumors are mainly treated by surgery, and the scope of surgical resection should be determined according to the size of the lesion, pathological type and malignant degree. Low grade malignancy (highly differentiated type) requires only local extended resection, while high grade malignancy (poorly differentiated type) should be followed by adjuvant radiotherapy, systemic prophylactic chemotherapy and immunotherapy. There are two surgical methods: anterior and posterior separation of parotid duct and posterior dissection of facial nerve trunk. The former method is suitable for mixed tumors located under the ear, and the latter method is suitable for mixed tumors in the front of the parotid gland.

2. Radiation therapy

Radiotherapy is only one part of comprehensive treatment. In order to reduce postoperative recurrence, radiotherapy can be applied to patients with highly malignant pathological type or incomplete operation, suspected residual tumor tissue, facial nerve tightly attached to tumor and retained, and patients with late disease stage, which can significantly improve postoperative survival rate and reduce recurrence rate. Postoperative radiotherapy should be started as early as possible, no later than 6 weeks after surgery. The irradiation field includes the skull base and mastoid process, and the dose should reach 50-60Gy.

Step 3: Chemotherapy

Unlike malignant lymphoma and squamous cell carcinoma, chemical treatment of parotid gland malignancies has a systematic and standardized treatment regimen. Effective drugs include cisplatin, methotrexate, fluorouracil (5-FU), doxorubicin (doxorubicin), etc. The effectiveness of chemotherapy for parotid gland tumor is not high, and it is only one of the means of comprehensive adjuvant therapy.